Common Errors for Competitive Examinations : Rules for Identification and correction of Errors.

 

    Common Error is a grammatically wrong structure.The errors may occur due to violation of basic rules followed in various items/forms of grammar.These include:wrong use of capital letters and punctuation marks,wrong use of the definite and indefinite articles,use of Tense forms in disharmony with time expressions, disagreement of subject and verb,non-use and misuse of prepositions,incorrect use of Singular and Plural number, use of double question word in an Interrogative sentence,double structures of question in one Interrogative sentence,wrong use of words similar in meaning and so on and so forth.Some of these basic rules are discussed below for the convenience of our learners. (ব্যাকৰণিকভাবে অশুদ্ধ বাক্যৰ গাথনি এটাই হ’ল common error।ব্যাকৰণৰ বিভিন্ন অংগৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত পালন কৰিব লগীয়া নিয়মসমূহ মানি নচলিলে এই ভূলসমূহ হ’ব পাৰে।এইবিলাকৰ ভিতৰত আছে বৰফলা আখৰ আৰু যতিচিহ্নৰ ভুল ব্যৱহাৰ, নিৰ্দিষ্ট আৰু অৰ্নিদিষ্ট (Definite and Indefinite article)ৰ ভূল ব্যৱহাৰ, সময়ৰ লগত খাপ নোখোৱাকৈ কৰা ক্ৰিয়াৰ সময়(Verb)ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ, কৰ্তা(Subject)ৰ বচনৰ লগত ক্ৰিয়াৰ বৈসাদৃশ্য, অব্যয় (Preposition) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ নকৰা বা ভুলকৈ কৰা ব্যৱহাৰ, এটা প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্যত দুটা প্ৰশ্নবোধক শব্দৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰোতে একেটা বাক্যত দুটা প্ৰশ্নৰ সৃষ্টি হোৱা বা প্ৰশ্নবোধক হ’বলগা বাক্যটো গাথনিৰ দিশৰ পৰা প্ৰশ্নবোধক নোহোৱা, একবচন আৰু বহুবচনৰ অশুদ্ধ প্ৰয়োগ, একেধৰনৰ অৰ্থ প্ৰকাশ কৰা দুটা শব্দৰ ব্যৱহাৰত বিভ্ৰান্তি ইত্যাদি ইত্যাদি।পঢ়ুৱৈসকলৰ সুবিধাৰ্থে কিছুমান নিয়ম তলত উল্লেখ কৰা হ’ল।)

1.S/es is always added to a verb whose Subject is in the Third person and singular number.(একবচনত থকা তৃতীয় পুৰুষ (Third Person Singular number)ৰ  ক্ৰিয়াপদ (verb) ৰ পাচত S বা es যোগ দিয়া হয়।) Examples of third person singular number words are: He, she, it, Ram, my/ her/ his father, The Sun/Moon/Earth. All Proper Nouns which are not Plural, come under the category of Third Person Singular Number. Example: He always goes to school.

2. The subjects which have ‘One of’ before them, always take a Singular auxiliary (is, has, was, or verb+s/es) according to Tense. (যিবিলাক কৰ্তাৰ আগত One of বহে, সিহঁতৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত সদায় একবচনত থকা ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Singular Verb-is, has, was, verb+s/es) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। কৰ্তা (Subject) একবচনেই হওঁক বা বহুবচনেই হওঁক কোনো কথা নাই।) For example, One of his brothers lives in the USA.

3. In Assertive sentences which begin with ‘There’, the helping verb (is, was, are, were etc.) is used in conformity with the noun that immediately comes after it. A singular verb (is, has been, was) is used if it refers to an Uncountable Noun. A Singular verb is used for a Singular Countable Noun and a Plural Verb is used for a Plural Countable Noun. (There ৰে আৰম্ভ হোৱা Assertive Sentence ত There ৰ পাছত সহায়কাৰী ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Auxiliaries) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰোতে সহায়কাৰী ক্ৰিয়াপদটোৰ পাচত বহা বিশেষ্য পদ (Noun) টো একবচনত আছে নে বহুবচনত আছে তাক নিৰ্ণয় কৰি ল’ব লাগে। এটা Singular Countable Noun থাকিলে Singular Verb আৰু Plural Countable Noun থাকিলে Plural Verb ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। Uncountable Noun অৰ্থাৎ যিবিলাক বিশেষ্য পদক এটা এটাকৈ গণনা কৰা সম্ভব নহয়, সিহঁতৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত Singular Verb অৰ্থাৎ একবচনত থকা ক্ৰিয়াপদৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example,

There are many people on the street. There is little milk in the glass. There is nothing that can help you.

4. The verb in a sentence written with “either…or”, “neither…nor”, ‘or’ becomes Singular if the Second Subject is Singular and it becomes Plural if the Second Subject is Plural. (Either. ..or, Neither…nor, Or থকা বাক্যৰ ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Verb) টো বহুবচন (Plural Number) ত লিখিব লাগিব নে একবচন (Singular Number) ত লিখিব লাগিব সেইটো নিৰ্ণয় কৰিবলৈ দ্বিতীয় কৰ্তাজন (Second Subject) কি বচনত আছে সেইটো জানিব লাগিব। যদি দ্বিতীয় কৰ্তাজন একবচনত থাকে তেতিয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদটোও একবচনত লিখিব লাগিব আৰু দ্বিতীয় কৰ্তাজন যদি বহুবচনৰ হয়, তেতিয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদটোও বহুবচনত লিখিব লাগিব।) For example,

Either he or his friends are responsible for the mishap.

Neither his friends nor he was present at the meeting.

5. The Verb in a sentence beginning with ‘All the’ will be Singular (is, has, was etc.) if the Noun is Uncountable. Likewise the Verb will be Plural (are, have, were etc.) if the Noun is Plural. (All the ৰে আৰম্ভ হোৱা বাক্যৰ  বিশেষ্য পদ (Noun) টো একবচনত থাকিলে ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Verb) টোও একবচনত লিখিব লাগিব। ঠিক একেধৰণেৰে বিশেষ্য পদটো বহুবচনত থাকিলে ক্ৰিয়াপদটোও বহুবচনত লিখিব লাগিব।) For example, All the people have arrived at the meeting. All the money was lost in gambling.

6. Two Nouns joined by ‘and’ take a Plural Verb (are, have, were etc). However, a Singular Verb will be used if the nouns connected by ‘and’ refer to the same thing or a Single entity. (And ৰে সংযুক্ত কৰা দুটা বিশেষ্য পদে যদি পৃথক ব্যক্তি বা পৃথক বস্তুক বুজায়, তেনেক্ষেত্ৰত ক্ৰিয়াপদটো বহুবচনত লিখিব লাগিব। অৱশ্যে বিশেষ্য পদ দুটাই বেলেগ বস্তক বুজালেও সিহঁতক যদি একাকাৰ বা মিশ্ৰন কৰি ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব পাৰি, তেতিয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদটো একবচনত লিখিব লাগিব।) For example,

Ram and Jadu are good friends. (দুজন বেলেগ ব্যক্তিক বুজাইছে, সেইকাৰণে ক্ৰিয়াপদটো বহুবচনৰ হৈছে।)

Bread and butter is a good breakfast. (একেলগ কৰি খাব পৰা দুবিধ খাদ্যক বুজাইছে, সেইকাৰণে ক্ৰিয়াপদটো একবচনত লিখা হৈছে।)

7. When two sentences are combined by ‘Not only…but also’, the main verb must be used according to the number of the second/nearest subject. If the nearest subject is plural the verb will be Plural. Likewise if the nearest subject is Singular, the verb will also be Singular. (Not Only.. but also) ৰে সংযোগ কৰা দুটা বাক্যত মূখ্য ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Main Verb) টো ব্যৱহাৰ কৰোতে আটাইতকৈ নিকটতম বা দ্বিতীয় কৰ্তাজনৰ বচণটো নিৰ্ণয় কৰি ল’ব লাগে। যদি নিকটতম কৰ্তাজন বহুবচনৰ হয়, তেতিয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদটোও বহুবচনত লিখিব লাগিব আৰু নিকটতম কৰ্তাজন যদি একবচনৰ হয়, তেতিয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদটোও একবচনৰ হ’ব।) For example: Not only the nurses but the doctor is also absent today.

Not only the engineer but also his workers are absent today.

8. A unit of measurement referring to height, weight, distance, period of time and amount of money, is always treated as Singular and hence the verb associated with it, is Singular. (জোখমাখৰ এককবিলাক যিবোৰে উচ্চতা, ওজন, দূৰত্ব, এছোৱা সময় বা ধনৰ পৰিমাণ বুজাই, সিহঁতক একবচনৰ বুলি গণ্য কৰা হয় আৰু সেই অনুসৰি ক্ৰিয়াপদবোৰো একবচনত লিখিব লাগে।) For example,

Ten miles is a long distance. Five thousand rupees is a huge amount for this poor man.

Five feet is not a satisfactory height for recruitment in the army.

Four years is a long period of time.

9. The words ‘everyone’, ‘everybody’, ‘everything’, ‘someone’, ‘somebody’, ‘something’, ‘no one’, ‘nobody’, ‘nothing’, ‘anyone’, ‘anybody’, ‘anything’, are always written with a Singular Verb (is, has, was, verb+s/es). (Everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody, something, somebody, someone এই শব্দবোৰৰ লগত সদায় একবচনত থকা ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Singular Verb) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example,

Everyone knows it. Nobody knows it. Someone has stolen his bike.

10. Plural Nouns preceded by ‘a group of’, ‘a crowd of ‘, ‘a herd of’, ‘a swarm of’, ‘a battalion of’ are considered Singular and they take a Singular Verb. (বহুবচনত থকা যিবিলাক বিশেষ্য পদৰ আগত ‘a group of’, ‘a swarm of’, ‘a herd of’, ‘a crowd of ‘, a battalion of’ আদিৰ ব্যৱহাৰ হয়, সিহঁতৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত একবচনত থকা ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Singular Verb) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example,

A group of boys is quarrelling on the street. A crowd of people is shouting slogans. A herd of cattle is grazing in the field.

11. There are some nouns which appear to be Plural, but Singular in reality. These generally include  the names of Subjects and diseases etc and therefore, these are written with Singular Verbs (is, has, was, verb+s/es). (এনে কিছুমান বিশেষ্য পদ আছে যিবিলাকক দেখাত বহুবচনত থকা যেন লাগে, কিন্তু প্ৰকৃততে ইহঁত একবচনৰ হয়। এইবোৰৰ ভিতৰত বেমাৰৰ নাম আৰু বিষয়ৰ নাম উল্লেখযোগ্য। ইহঁতৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত সেইবাবে একবচনত থকা ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Singular Verb) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example,

Mathematics is a difficult subject. Mumps is a painful disease.

12. Certain words such as ‘trousers’, ‘spectacles’, ‘scissors’, ‘shoes’, ‘stockings’ are always Plural and these are written with Plural Verbs. However these are written with Singular Verbs (is, has, was, verb+s/es), if these words are preceded by ‘A/that/this pair of’ (Trousers, scissors, spectacles, shoes, stockings আদি শব্দবোৰ সদায় বহুবচনৰ হয় আৰু ইহঁতৰ লগত বহুবচনত থকা ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Plural Verb) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। কিন্তু সিহঁতৰ আগত যদি A pair of/this pair of/that pair of আদিৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়, তেতিয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদটো একবচন (Singular Number) ত লিখিব লাগিব।) For example,

Your trousers are very expensive. My shoes  are very old and torn. This pair of scissors needs repairing. A pair of new shoes is a must for you.

13. Some nouns like hair, knowledge,wisdom, information, news, gallows, advice, luggage, scenery are usually considered as Singular and these are written with a Singular Verb (is, has, was, verb+s/es). For example, The news of his death is false. The natural scenery of Shillong is very charming. My advice has left no impact on his actions.

14. Words like ‘Some of’, ‘Most of’, ‘Plenty of’, ‘A lot of’, ‘A great deal of’ take a Singular Verb (is, has, was, verb+s/es) if they refer to an Uncountable Noun. Plural Verb is used if these refer to a Plural Countable Noun. (Some of, most of, plenty of, A lot of, A great deal of থকা বাক্যত যদি Uncountable Noun ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ হয়, তেতিয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Verb টো একবচনত লিখিব লাগিব। যদি এই শব্দবোৰে Plural Countable Noun ক বুজায়, তেতিয়া Plural Verb ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ হ’ব।) For example,

A lot of money was wasted on the Project.

Some of the boys have broken the windows.

15.Words like ‘It is time’, ‘the other day ‘, ‘as though’, ‘formerly’, ‘once upon a time’, ‘yesterday’, ‘ago’, ‘last year’, ‘in 1962’ etc. indicate Past Tense and therefore only Past Tense is used with such expressions. (It is time, I wish, the other day, as though, formerly, once upon a time, yesterday, ago, last night/year, in 1962 আদিৰ দৰে শব্দ বা বাক্যাংশবোৰ সাধাৰণতে অতীত কাল (Past Tense) ৰ বাক্যত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় আৰু ইয়াৰ ব্যতিক্ৰম হ’লে বাক্যটো অশুদ্ধ বুলি গণ্য কৰা হয়।) For example, It is time I did some real work. She went to Shillong yesterday. He visited the Taj Mahal last year.

16. Past Tense of the main verb is not used with auxiliaries like ‘did’, ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’ etc. Instead, Present Tense form of the verb is used with these auxiliaries. (‘did’, ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’ আদিৰ লগত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব লগীয়া ক্ৰিয়াপদবোৰ কেতিয়াও Past Tense ত লিখিব নোৱাৰি।ইয়াৰ পৰিবৰ্তে ইহতৰ লগত নিত্য বৰ্তমান কালৰ।ক্ৰিয়াপদ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example, I did not went there. (×) I did not go there. (✓)

17. If the Reporting Verb in an Indirect Speech is in the Past Tense, the Tense of the Subordinate Clause will change if it does not refer to Universal Truths or Habitual Action. (পৰোক্ষ উক্তি (Indirect Speech) ত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা Reporting Verb টো যদি অতীত কাল (Past Tense) ৰ হয়, তেতিয়া গৌণ খন্ডবাক্যটোৰ ক্ৰিয়াৰ সময় (Tense) ৰ পৰিবৰ্তন হ’ব। অবশ্যে চিৰসত্য ঘটনা বা অভ্যাসবশত কৰা কামক বুজালে নিত্য বৰ্তমান কাল (Present Indefinite Tense) ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example,

He said that he visits the temple. (×) – He said that he visited the temple. (✓)

He said that man was mortal. (×) – He said that man is mortal. (✓)

She said that she always got up early in the morning. (×) – She said that she always gets up early in the morning. (✓)

18. The Verb of an Infinitive can never be used in the Past Tense. (এটা Infinitive ত থকা ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Verb) টো কেতিয়াও অতীত কালত লিখিব নোৱাৰি।) For example,

I want to visited a doctor. (×) – I want to visit a doctor. (✓)

19. No ‘s’ or ‘es’ is added to the Present Tense form of a Verb if there are model auxiliaries (can, may, must, will, shall, could, would, should, might etc.) before the verbs. (ক্ৰিয়াপদৰ আগত can, may, might, must, ought to, shall, will, should, would, could আদি থাকিলে Verbৰ পাছত কেতিয়াও যোগ নহয়।) For example,

He can speaks Hindi fluently. (×) – He can speak Hindi fluently. (✓)

20. The preposition “to” is never used after ‘tell/told’. For example,

He told to me a story. (×) – He told me a story. (✓)

21. ‘That’ as a conjunction should not be used after ‘asked’. The verb ‘asked’ is generally used in Interrogative and Imperative sentences. (Conjunction হিচাপে asked ৰ পাছত কেতিয়াও that ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ নহয়। ক্ৰিয়াপদটো সাধাৰণতে প্ৰশ্নবোধক বাক্য (Interrogative sentence) আৰু আদেশ, অনুৰোধ আৰু উপদেশসূচক বাক্য (Imperative Sentence) ত হে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example:

He asked me to go away. (Imperative Sentence)

He asked me if I could lend him some money. (Interrogative)

She asked me when I would visit her. (Interrogative)

He asked that where I was going (×)

22. Words denoting profession or occupation take an Indefinite article (a, an) before them. (জীৱিকা বা চাকৰি বুজোৱা শব্দবিলাক ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি বাক্য লিখোতে সিহঁতৰ আগত a/an ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।) For example, My father is teacher. (×) – My father is a teacher. (✓)

23. ‘The+Adjective’ refers to a class and it always takes a Plural Verb. (বিশেষণ অৰ্থাৎ Adjective ৰ আগত The ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিলে, ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Verb) টো বহুবচনত লিখিব লাগিব।) For example,

The rich is not always happy. (×) – The rich are not always happy. (✓)

24. The definite article ‘The’ is not used before the names of languages. If ‘the’ is used before the name of a language, it will refer to the nation. (ভাষাৰ নামৰ আগত কেতিয়াও The ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা নহয়। সেইটো কৰিলে ই ভাষাক নুবুজাই জাতিক বুজাব।) For example, Assamese is spoken in Assam. Bengali is spoken in West Bengal. English is spoken all over the world.

25. Error in a sentence occurs sometimes when an Infinitive is used in place of a Gerund and vice-versa. (Gerund ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব লগীয়া ঠাইত Infinitive  ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিলে আৰু Infinitive ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব লগীয়া স্থানত Gerund ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিলেও বাক্য এটা ব্যাকৰণিক দিশৰ পৰা অশুদ্ধ হয়।উদাহৰণস্বৰূপে-) For example,

Stop to write. (×) – Stop writing. (✓)

He prevented me to go. (×) – He prevented me from going. (✓)

I am capable to do it. (×) – I am capable of doing it. (✓)

In the above examples, the Infinitives are replaced by the Gerunds to rewrite the sentences correctly. Similarly ‘Gerunds’ are also required to be replaced by ‘Infinitives’ for correction of sentences. For example,

I intend learning Sanskrit. (×) – I intend to learn Sanskrit. (✓)

She came for seeing me. (×) – She came to see me. (✓)

26. Error in a sentence may occur due to omission of adverbs. In such cases,an appropriate adverb should be inserted. (ক্ৰিয়া-বিশেষণ পদৰ ব্যৱহাৰ নকৰাৰ ফলতো বাক্য এটা ভুল হোৱা দেখা যায়।) For example,

He does not know to swim. (×) – He does not know how to swim. (✓)

Our soldiers drove the enemy. (×) – Our soldiers drove out the enemy. (✓)

27. Sometimes error occurs due to inclusion of adverbs.In such cases,the adverbs should be removed.(কেতিয়াবা বাক্য এটাত ক্ৰিয়া-বিশেষণ(Adverb) পদ এটা অনাৱশ্যকভাবে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰাৰ বাবে বাক্যটো ভুল হোৱা দেখা যায়।এনেক্ষেত্ৰত ক্ৰিয়া-বিশেষণ পদটো আতৰাই দিলেই বাক্যটো শুদ্ধ হৈ যায়।উদাহৰণ স্বৰূপে-) For example,

He was elected as Chairman.(×)–He was elected Chairman.(✓)

He was appointed as Professor.(×)–He was appointed Professor.(✓)

I consider her as my sister.(×)–I consider her my sister.(✓)

28. The omission of prepositions also makes a sentence grammatically wrong. An appropriate preposition should be added. (অব্যয় বা Preposition ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ নকৰাৰ ফলটো বাক্য এটা ভুল হ’ব পাৰে।এনেক্ষেত্ৰত বাক্যটো শুদ্ধকৈ লিখিবলৈ এটা উপযুক্ত Preposition ৰ প্ৰয়োজন হয়।) For example,

Do you have a pen to write? (×)–Do you have a pen to write with? (✓)

They dispensed my services. (×)–They dispensed with my services. (✓)

They informed the police the matter. (×) — They informed the police of the matter. (✓)

He believes God(×)–He believes in God.(✓)

29.The insertion of prepositions where these are not required, also leads to error in a sentence.

The prepositions are required to be removed in such situations. (কেতিয়াবা কোনো বাক্যত Preposition ৰ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰাৰ আৱশ্যক নহয়।এনেক্ষেত্ৰত বাক্যটোৰ পৰা Preposition টো আতৰাই দিলেই বাক্যটো শুদ্ধ হৈ যায়।) For example,

She resembles to her mother.(×)–She resembles her mother.(✓)

Let us discuss about the matter.(×)–Let us discuss the matter.(✓)

He regrets at the delay.(×)–He regrets the delay.(✓)

He left the hostel with bag and baggage.(×)–He left the hostel bag and baggage.(✓)

She entered in the room.(×)–She entered the room.(✓)

He resigned from the post.(×)–He resigned the post.(✓)

30. Sometimes error occurs in the form of the Interrogative when question words are not used in their proper places. (সহায়কাৰী ক্ৰিয়া আৰু প্ৰশ্নবোধক শব্দৰ উপযুক্ত স্থানত ব্যৱহাৰ নকৰাৰ ফলত বাক্য এটা ব্যাকৰণিকভাৱে অশুদ্ধ হ’ব পাৰে।) For example,

Where he is going now?(×)–Where is he going now? (✓)

Please tell me how are you.(×)–Please tell me how you are.(✓)

Can you tell me where is the post office? (×) — Can you tell me where the post office is? (✓)

Do you know where does he live? (×) — Do you know where he lives? (✓)

He is not a good boy, isn’t it? (×) — He is not a good boy, is he? (✓)

31. Error occurs when words are misplaced in a sentence. For example,

My all books are lost. (×) –All my books are lost. (✓)

His both sisters are I’ll. (×) — Both his brothers are I’ll. (✓)

She spent Rupees fifty yesterday. (×) –She spent fifty rupees yesterday. (✓)

32. ‘Several’, ‘many’, ‘both’, ‘few’ are plural words and a Plural Verb (are, were, have etc.) is always used with them. (Several, many, few, both আদি শব্দবিলাক সদায় বহুবচনৰ হয় আৰু সেইবাবে সিহঁতৰ লগত ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা ক্ৰিয়াপদবোৰো বহুবচনৰ হ’ব লাগিব।) For example, Few have done their homework.

33. We can use either a Singular Verb or a Plural Verb after ‘none of/neither of/either of/any of+plural noun phrase’. (‘none of/neither of/either of/any of+plural noun phrase’ আদিৰ পাছত Singular Verb বা Plural Verb দুয়োটাৰ যিকোনো এটা ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব পাৰি।) For example,

None of the participants has/have done well.

Neither of the parents has/have understood the child.

34. Prepositional phrases that come between the Subject and the Verb, do not change the number of the Subject. Examples of such phrases are: together with, along with, in addition to, except etc. (কোনো বাক্যত কৰ্তা আৰু ক্ৰিয়াপদৰ মাজত কোনো বাক্যাংশ আহিলেও, কৰ্তাৰ বচনৰ কোনো পৰিবৰ্তন নহয়।) For example,

The mother together with her children was waiting at the platform.

35. Two Infinitives connected by ‘and’ take a Plural Verb. For example,

To walk and to chew gum require great skill.

36. If two clauses of a Conditional Sentence refer to future or probable events,the Subordinate Clause is written in the Future Tense and the Principal Clause is written in the Present Indefinite tense. Error occurs when both of these clauses are written in the Future Tense. (If, until, unless আদি থকা চৰ্তসাপেক্ষ বাক্যবোৰৰ এটা অংশ নিত্য বৰ্তমান কাল (Present Indefinite Tense) ৰ হ’লে আনটো অংশ ভবিষ্যত কাল (Future Indefinite Tense) ত লিখিব লাগিব।দুয়োটা অংশ কেতিয়াও ভবিষ্যত কাল (Future Indefinite Tense ত লিখিব নোৱাৰি।) For example,

If it will rain, we will go out. (×) — If it rains,we will go out. (✓)

He will pass if he will work hard. (×) — He will pass if he works hard. (✓)

37. No negative word can be used with ‘until’ and ‘unless’. Otherwise the meaning will be distorted. (Unless, until ৰ সৈতে কোনো Negative word ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা অনুচিত। ইয়াৰ অন্যথাই বাক্যটোৰ অৰ্থৰ বিকৃতি ঘটিব।) For example,

Unless he does not work hard,he will fail. (×) – Unless he works hard, he will fail. (✓)

Let us wait until he does not come back. (×) – Let us wait until he comes back. (✓)

38. There are certain verbs which cannot be written in the Continuous form,even though the action is going on at the time of speaking.These verbs are basically related to mental activity and spontaneous reaction of the Five sense organs.These verbs are called ‘Non-Conclusive Verbs’. Some of these verbs are: remember, recollect, know, believe, suppose, understand, forget, see, hear, smell, feel, taste etc. The ‘ing’ form of the verb is not used if it refers to an involuntary action. However ‘ing’ form of the verb is used when it refers to a deliberate action. There are substitute verbs which can be used in the Continuous form. (এনে কিছুমান ক্ৰিয়াপদ (Verb) আছে যিবোৰৰ পাছত ing ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব নোৱাৰি। চলি থকা কাৰ্য্য এটাক বুজাবলৈও ইহতৰ পাছত ing ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব নোৱাৰি। এই ক্ৰিয়াপদসমূহ সাধাৰণতে ব্যক্তিৰ মানসিক কাৰ্যকলাপ আৰু ইন্দ্ৰিয়সমূহৰ অনুভূতিৰ লগত জড়িত। ইহঁতক বা অসমাপিকা ক্ৰিয়া (Non-Conclusive verb) বুলি কোৱা হয়।) For example,

I am feeling a headache.(×)–I feel a headache.(✓)The doctor is feeling my pulse.(✓)

I am hearing a song.(×)–I am listening to a song.(✓)