. Choose the correct answer (M.C.Q.):

(i) During whose tenure was the ‘Partition Plan of Bengal’ executed? HS-2017, 2023

(a) Lord Mountbatten

(b) Lord William Bentinck 

(c) Lord Dalhousie

(d) Lord Curzon

Ans:- (d) Lord Curzon

(ii) Between whom was the treaty of Allahabad signed? HSLC-2023

(a) Between Shah Alam and Lord Curzon

(b) Between Bahadur Shah and lord Curzon 

(c) Between Shah Alam and Robert Clive 

(d) Between Bahadur Shah and Robert Clive 

Ans:- (c) Between Shah Alam and Robert Clive

(iii) What was the capital of Eastern Bengal and Assam

(a) Dhaka

(c) Shillong

(b) Kolkata

(d) Chattagram

Ans:- (a) Dhaka

(iv) Sepoy Mutiny broke out in

(a) 1857 

(b) 1907 

(c) 1947 

(d) 1757 

Ans:- (a) 1857 

(v) The Regulating act was introduced by 

(a) Govt. of England 

(b) Robert Clive 

(c) Mughal Emperor 

(d) Govt. Of India 

Ans:- (a) Govt. of England

(vi) The treaty between Mughal emperor Shah Alam and Robert Clive was 

(a) Yandaboo Treaty

(b) The Treaty of Allahabad

(c) Pune Peace Treaty

(d) Treaty of Punjab

Ans:- (b) The Treaty of Allahabad

(vii) The editor of ‘Sanjibani’ was

(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

(b) Jawaharlal Nehru

(c) Dr. Bhupen Hazarika

(d) Krishna Kumar Mitra

Ans:- (d) Krishna Kumar Mitra

(viii) The people of Bengal observed ‘National Mourning Day’ on-

(a) 5th June, 1908 

(b) 13th May, 1920 

(c) 21st August, 1935 

(d) 16th October, 1905 

Ans:- (d) 16th October, 1905

(ix) Banga Lakkshmi Cotton Mill was established by-

(a) Prafulla Ch. Roy 

(b) Nil Ratan Sarkar 

(c) Jogesh Ch. Choudhary

(d) Jagadish Ch. Bose

Ans:- (b) Nil Ratan Sarkar 

(x) Bengal Chemical was established by- 

(a) Rash Bihari Bose 

(b) R.C Dutta 

(c) Acharja Prafulla Ch. Roy 

(d) Jamsedji Tata 

Ans:- (c) Acharja Prafulla Ch. Roy 

(xi) All India Muslim League was formed by- 

(a) Selimuddin 

(b) Salimullah 

(c) Mohammad Ali 

(d) Mohammad Ali Jinna 

Ans:- (b) Salimullah 

(xii) When was Bengal Partitioned …….. 

(a) 25th March, 1903 

(b) 1st June, 1903 

(c) 15th October, 1905 

(d) 16th October, 1905 

Ans:-(d) 16th October, 1905

2. Very Short Answers:-

(i) Who established an iron factory in 1907?

Ans:- Jamshedji Tata.

(ii) When did the unification of Bengal take place?

Ans:- 1911.

(iii) When did Sepoy Mutiny breakout?

Ans:- 1857.

(iv) Who composed the song ‘Vande Mataram’? 

Ans:- Bankim Chandra Chattarjee.

(v) Who planned the partition of Bengal?

Ans:- William E. Ward planned the partition of Bengal.

(vi) Name the post that was created for the state of Assam by the British? 

Ans:- Chief Commissioner.

(vii) Who was the first Chief Commissioner of Assam? 

Ans:- R. H. Keatings. 

(viii) Who were Lal-Bal-Pal?

Ans:- Lal-Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal-Gangadhar Tilak, Pal-Bipil Chandra Pal.

(ix) In which Meeting was the proposal of giving up foreign commodities accepted?

Ans:- In the meeting held in Calcutta on 7th August, 1905 a unanimous decision was passed to boycott foreign goods.

(x) Who was the editor of the journal Jugaantar published in the time of Swadeshi movement?

Ans:- Bhupendra Nath Dutta.

(xi) When was the institution named National Education Council (Jatiya Siksha Parisad) established in Bengal?

Ans:- On 11 March, 1906 National Education Council (Jatiya Siksha Parisad) was established in Bengal.

(xii) In which Viceroy’s time did the partition of Bengal take place?

Ans:- Partition of Bengal took place during the time of the Viceroy Lord Curzon.

(xiii) On which date in 1905 did the partition of Bengal come into force?

Ans:- Partition of Bengal came into force on 16 Oct. 1905.

xiv) Who was the main introducer of the industry named Bengal Chemicals?

Ans:- Acharya Prafulla Chandra Rai was the main introducer of the industry named Bengal Chemicals. 

(xv) Under whose presidentship did the Conference of Indian National Congress accept the proposal of swaraj for Indians?

Ans:- Under the presidentship of Dadabhai Naoraji, the Conference of Indian Nationa Congress accepted the proposal of swaraj for Indians.

(xvi) By which act did the governor of Bengal become governor general of Bengal? 

Ans:- Regulating act in 1773.

(xvii) When was the Allahabad Treaty signed?

Ans:- 1765.

(xviii) What did the people of Bengal do on the day when the partition of Bengal was implemented?

Ans:- On the day of implementation of the partition of Bengal, the people of Bengal observed ‘National Mourning Day’.

(xix) What was the name of the newspaper edited by Krishna Kumar Mitra? 

Ans:- The Sanjibani.

(xx) What was the name of the article that created sensation among the people of Bengal?

Ans:- ‘Bangar Sarbanash”.

(xxi) How many people lost their lives in famine hit Orissa in 1886 A.D? 

Ans:- Around 10,000 people.

(xxii) When was Cachar brought under the British empire in India?

Ans:- In 1832

(xxiii) When was Khasi Hills brought under the British empire?

Ans:- In 1833

(xxiv) What name Lord Curzon assign to the new state comprising Assam and East Bengal? 

Ans:- ‘East Bengal and Assam’.

(xxv) When was the province of Motok and Sadiya brought under the British empire in India? 

Ans:- In 1839

(xxvi) Who was appointed Lt. Governor of Bengal in 1903? 

Ans:- Andrew Fraser

(xxvii) Who was Herbert Risely?

Ans:- Herbert Risely was the Secretary of State Government of India.

(xxviii) How many patriotic songs composed by Rabindranath Tagore on swadesh movement?

Ans:- Twenty three numbers of patriotic songs were composed by Rabindranath Tagore on Swadeshi movement. 

(xxix) What was the real name of Sister Nibedita?

Ans:- The real name of Sister Nibedita was Margaret Elizabeth Noble.

3. Mention three main geographical regions of Bengal which were

annexed the province ‘East Bengal and Assam created after the partition of Bengal. HSLC-2017

Ans:- Three main geographical regions of Bengal which were annexed to the province ‘East Bengal and Assam’ created after the partition of Bengal are:

(a) Dhaka (b) Chattagram (c) Rajshahi. 

4. What were the First Point of the Four- Point Programme on Partition of Bengal declared by Lord Curzon? HSLC-2018

Ans:- The First Point of the Four Point Programme on the partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon were –

(i) The name of the new province will be ‘Eastern Bengal and Assam’ by annexation of Rajshahi, Dhaka and Chattagram to Assam.

(ii) The capital of the new province will be Dhaka.

The administration of Eastern Bengal and Assam will be handed over to a Lt. Governor. 

(iv) The capital of Assam will be transferred from Shillong to Dhaka.

5. Discuss three contributions of Swadeshi Movement? HSLC-2019

Ans:- The three contributions of Swadeshi Movement are:-

(i) The Swadeshi Movement was able to give the people of India a political knowledge about mass movement. The Indians realised that if majority of people come forward for a common cause, then the mass movement would definetely become successful.

(ii) Reigning over the post of Viceroy, Lord Curzon declared that “administration and exploitation will go hand in hand” This arrogance of the empirical ruler was retaliated with the determination of Indians to boycott foreign goods, use of local goods and starting local industries. Thus, Swadeshi Movement will always be remembered in economic and industrial development of India.

(iii) Swadeshi Movement also gave birth to armed movement. The tendency to resort to violent method occured in some section of activities.

6. What were the anti-movement measures taken by the British to dominate Swadeshi movement? HSLC-2017

Ans:- The anti-movement measures taken by the British to dominate Swadeshi movement were:-

(i) The British government offered various titles, posts and medals to moderate leaders of the Congress for obtaining support towards partition. They were offered the post of Judges in high court, member of British parliament, member in Viceroy’s Council etc.

(ii) Raising the slogan of Bande Mataram was made illegal in Bengal.

(iii) They issued punitive regulations forcing the students away from participating in the political movement. Even many students were subjected to physical torture and punishment. 

(iv) The British government tried its best to sow the seed of communalism between the Hindus and Muslims. They instigated the Muslims to start a separate political party to oppose the moves of the INC.

7. What were the anti-movement measures taken by the British to dominate Swadeshi Movement? Did the British get support from the leaders of the movement? HSLC-2019

Ans:- (i) The British government expected support from the moderate group leader of Congress. Therefore, to keep these leaders loyal, Lord Curzon offered them various posts, titles, medals etc.

(ii) The moderate Congress leaders were offered posts of member of British Parliament, member in Viceroy’s Council, judges in high court etc. for their support in Partition of Bengal. The British Intention of obtaining support from the moderate leaders of Congress for Partition of Bengal failed. The firm stand taken by Bipin Chandra Paul, Surendranath Banerjee etc. set the government in to trap. As a protest, Gopal Krishna Gokhle returned the “Knighthood’ title to the British immediately.

8. What was “Partition of Bengal”? Mention its two important consequences. HSLC-2020

Ans:- The process of bifurcation of Bengal into “Eastern Bengal and Assam” and new Bengal province and to annex one part of it (Eastern Bengal and Assam) into Assam is known as “Partition Of Bengal”. Its two important consequences are-

(a) The new province “Eastern Bengal and Assam” was created by annexing 15 districts of North and East Bengal to Assam (Rajshahi, Dhaka and Chattagram) with its capital in Dhaka.

(b) Calcutta was to be the capital of “New Bengal Province” which included West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Chotanagpur.

9. Write briefly the contribution of women in Swadeshi Movement in India.  HSLC-2018

Ans:- CONTRIBUTION OF WOMEN IN SWADESHI MOVEMENT IN INDIA: The middle class urban women took active part in the swadeshi movement by crossing all the social barriers. Among them, two prominent women were-

1) SARALA DEVI CHOUDHURINI: She led the movement in a revolutionary way.

a) Like the sivaji festival of Maharastra, she started organizing festivals like “Birastami Brat”, “Pratapaditya Utsab “etc.

b) She trained the boys and girls on wrestling, stick play etc games.

c) She edited a magazine named “Bharati” and prepared the youth force of Bengal to plunge into the national movement.

2) SISTER NIBEDITA:- a) She contributed a lot in creating national awareness among the youths and women.

b) She was actively associated with Youngman’s Hindu Union, Dawn Society etc. 

c) She encouraged the youths and the women folk to be independent by involvement in indigenous industries.

10. When was ‘Muslim League’ formed in India? Mention its two objectives. HSLC-2022

Ans:- Muslim League was formed on 30th December, 1906.

were:-

The objectives of the Muslim League were:-

(i) To promote the feeling of loyalty towards the British among the Muslim people. 

(ii) To keep aware the British government regarding the political rights and interests of the Muslim people.

11. Briefly discuss the role of National Congress against the Partition of Bengal during the Swadeshi Movement. HSLC-2022

Ans:- Surendranath Banerjee, Bipin Ch. Paul, Arabindra Ghose, Aswini Kumar Dutta, and many other intellectual leaders through the National Congress were able to unite people against the Partition of Bengal.

The 19th annual session held in 1903 at Madras under the presidentship of Lalmohan Ghosh, Indian National Congress warned the government to give up the plan of partition of Bengal. Before the implementation of partition of Bengal, Lala Lajpat Ray and Gopal Krishna Gokhle reached London on 6th July, 1905 to give a representation on behalf of National Congress to give up-the plan of partition of Bengal by the British government. They submitted a protest petition signed by the people of Bengal to the secretary of state for India against the implementation of partition. Since inspite of all the oppositions of the Indians the partition was implemented, the Indian National Congress had to take strong stand against the partition.

12.  Discuss the contributions of Swadeshi movement towards national education. HSLC-2023

Ans:- The Swadeshi movement was not confined to boycott of British goods only. It also has a big influence on the prevalent educational system of Bengal. It was noticed that the movements were becoming popular among the students.

The most important programme of the Swadeshi movement was the establishment of national education. The people would renounce English education introduced and imparted by the British in India and instead would accept national education while learning language and literature and culture, so that the people could feel proud about their ancient past. The prominent leaders like Bipin Chandra Paul, Rabindra Nath Tagore, Abdul Rasul etc. called upon the student community to leave government institutions. Under the impact to this movement several national educational institutions grew up. On 15th August 1906, the National Education conference was formed in Calcutta. Thus the efforts of national education met with some great success. The number of students leaving government school increased and consequently many national school were established at many places of Bengal. Under the leadership of Rasbihari Bose the National Education Council (Jatiya Siksha Parisad) was formed on 11th March 1906 at Town Hall, Calcutta. Bengal National College was established on 15th August 1906. Arabinda Ghose was the first Principal and the in same year on 12th December, Bengal National College was promoted to National University.

During the Swadeshi movement, all together 62 secondary school and 3000 national primary schools were established.